Economic Valuation and Ecological Thresholds in the Mangrove-Shrimp System

Kartini Kartini; Patta Tope; Suparman Suparman

doi:10.62794/je3s.v7i4.411

Authors

Kartini Universitas Tadulako, Indonesia
Patta Tope Universitas Tadulako, Indonesia
Suparman Universitas Tadulako, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.62794/je3s.v7i4.411

Keywords:

Ecological Threshold, Ecosystem Valuation, Mangrove-Pond System, Silvofishery

Abstract

The conversion of mangrove forests into vannamei shrimp ponds has increased aquaculture production, but at the same time triggered the degradation of coastal ecosystems and the loss of environmental services of high economic value. This study aims to analyze the trade-off between economic benefits and ecological sustainability through estimating Total Economic Value (TEV), testing the effect of pond intensity on mangrove health, and identifying ecological thresholds as the basis for sustainable coastal management. The research uses a mixed-methods approach with a sequential explanatory (QUAN→QUAL) design. Quantitative data were obtained from a survey of 212 farmers, analysis of Landsat/Sentinel imagery for the 2020–2024 period, and then deepened through interviews and Focus Group Discussions (FGD). The analysis was conducted using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) with Robust Standard Errors, as well as Cost–Benefit Analysis (CBA) and Net Present Value (NPV) evaluations. The results of the study show that the TEV of the mangrove ecosystem reaches Rp306.8 million/ha/year, with Indirect Use Value dominating at 71.2%. The intensity of ponds had a negative and significant effect on the NDVI index (β = –0.710; p < 0.001), while the application of silvofishery had a positive effect on mangrove health. Scenario simulation shows that the silvofishery system with a composition of 60% mangroves and 40% ponds produces the highest economic feasibility (NPV of Rp89.7 million/ha; BCR 2.38) while maintaining ecological function. These findings confirm that the integration of economic valuation and ecological thresholds is an important basis for the formulation of coastal management policies that are able to balance aquaculture productivity and mangrove conservation.

References

Adger, W. Neil, Terry P. Hughes, Carl Folke, Stephen R. Carpenter, and Johan Rockström. 2018. “Social-ecological resilience to coastal disasters.” Planning for Climate Change: A Reader in Green Infrastructure and Sustainable Design for Resilient Cities (June):151–59.

Ahmed, Nesar, William W. L. Cheung, Shirley Thompson, and Marion Glaser. 2017. “Deforestation and climate change in coastal Bangladesh.” Marine Policy 82 (April):68–75.

Ahmed, Nesar, Shirley Thompson, and Marion Glaser. 2018. “Integrated mangrove-shrimp cultivation: Potential for blue carbon sequestration.” Ambio 47(4):441–52.

Alongi, Daniel M. 2008. “Mangrove forests: Resilience, protection from tsunamis, and responses to global climate change.” Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 76(1):1–13.

Alongi, Daniel M. 2014. “Carbon cycling and storage in mangrove forests.” Annual Review of Marine Science 6:195–219.

Alongi, Daniel M. 2020. “Global Significance of Mangrove Blue Carbon in Climate Change Mitigation.” Sci 2(3):67–60.

Anton, Suryo Wirawan, Anton Anton, Dewi Virgiastuti Jarir, Fatmah Fatmah, Fatmah Fatmah, Harlina Usman, dan Ilmiah Kuruseng. 2020. “Fungsi Mangrove Sebagai Biofilter Limbah Budidaya Udang Vaname Pada Tambak Intensif Supm Negeri Bone.” Journal Of Indonesian Tropical Fisheries (Joint-Fish) : Jurnal Akuakultur, Teknologi Dan Manajemen Perikanan Tangkap, Ilmu Kelautan 3(1):14–27.

Armaijn, Liasari, Dewi Darmayanti, Buyung Sonia, and Hidayat Rochmat. 2024. “Using Surveys to Value Public Goods: The Contingent Valuation Method.” 2:306–12.

Atkinson, Giles, Nils Axel Braathen, Ben Groom, dan Susana Mourato. 2018. Cost-Benefit Analysis and the Environment.

Bann, Camille. 1997. “An Economic Analysis of Alternative Mangrove.” Management 70.

Barbier, Edward B., Sally D. Hacker, Chris Kennedy, Evamaria W. Koch, Adrian C. Stier, dan Brian R. Silliman. 2011. “The value of estuarine and coastal ecosystem services.” Ecological Monographs 81(2):169–93.

Bast, Ellen, dan Gina Louise Shamshak. 2017. Environmental and Natural Resource Economics. Vol. 1.

Binh, C. T., M. J. Phillips, dan H. Demaine. 1997. “Integrated shrimp-mangrove farming systems in the Mekong delta of Vietnam.” Aquaculture Research 28(8):599–610.

Boyd, Claude E., Robert P. Davis, and Aaron A. McNevin. 2022. “Perspectives on the mangrove conundrum, land use, and benefits of yield intensification in farmed shrimp production: A review.” Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 53 (1):8–46.

Boyd, Claude E., Aaron A. McNevin, and Robert P. Davis. 2022. “The contribution of fisheries and aquaculture to the global protein supply.” Food Security 14(3):805–27.

Bunting, Pete, Ake Rosenqvist, Lammert Hilarides, Richard M. Lucas, Nathan Thomas, Takeo Tadono, Thomas A. Worthington, Mark Spalding, and Nicholas J. Murray. 2022. “Global Mangrove Extent Change 1996 – 2020: Global Mangrove.” Remote Sensing 14 (3657):1–32.

Cameron, A. Colin, dan Trivedi. 2021. Cross-Sectional and Panel Regression Methods. Vol. I.

Costanza, Robert, Ralph d’Arge, Rudolf de Groot, Stephen Farber, Monica Grasso, Bruce Hannon, Karin Limburg, Shahid Naeem, Robert V. O’Neill, Jose Paruelo, Robert G. Raskin, Paul Sutton, and Marjan van den Belt. 1998. “The value of the world’s ecosystem services and natural capital.” Ecological Economics 25(1):3–15.

Costanza, Robert, Rudolf de Groot, Paul Sutton, Sander van der Ploeg, Sharolyn J. Anderson, Ida Kubiszewski, Stephen Farber, and R. Kerry Turner. 2014. “Changes in the global value of ecosystem services.” Global Environmental Change 26(1):152–58.

Das, Saudamini, dan Jeffrey R. Vincent. 2009. “Mangroves protected villages and reduced death toll during Indian super cyclone.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 106(18):7357–60.

Dhrymes, Phoebus. 2017. Introductory econometrics.

Donato, Daniel C., J. Boone Kauffman, Daniel Murdiyarso, Sofyan Kurnianto, Melanie Stidham, and Markku Kanninen. 2011. “Mangroves among the most carbon-rich forests in the tropics.” Nature Geoscience 4(5):293–97.

Firdaus Ridwan Sutarta, Asri Widiatsih, Inna Hamida Zusfindhana. 2021. “No Title 済無No Title No Title No Title.” 48 (4):167–86.

Friess, Daniel A., Kerrylee Rogers, Catherine E. Lovelock, Ken W. Krauss, Stuart E. Hamilton, Shing Yip Lee, Richard Lucas, Jurgenne Primavera, Anusha Rajkaran, dan Suhua Shi. 2019. “The State of the World’s Mangrove Forests: Past, Present, and Future.” Annual Review of Environment and Resources 44:89–115.

Friess, Daniel A., Erik S. Yando, Guilherme M. O. Abuchahla, Janine B. Adams, Stefano Cannicci, Steven W. J. Canty, Kyle C. Cavanaugh, Rod M. Connolly, Nicole Cormier, Farid Dahdouh-Guebas, Karen Diele, Ilka C. Feller, Sara Fratini, Tim C. Jennerjahn, Shing Yip Lee, Danielle E. Ogurcak, Xiaoguang Ouyang, Kerrylee Rogers, Jennifer K. Rowntree, Sahadev Sharma, Taylor M. Sloey, dan Alison K. S. Wee. 2020. “Mangroves give cause for conservation optimism, for now.” Current Biology 30(4):R153–54.

Goldberg, Liza, David Lagomasino, Nathan Thomas, and Temilola Fatoyinbo. 2020. “Global declines in human-driven mangrove loss.” Global Change Biology 26(10):5844–55.

Grainger, John J., and William D. Stevenson Jr. 1994. “BOOK Review: Economics of Natural Resources and the Environment Clive L. Spash (1994) Environmental Values 3(1) pp.86-88.” 3:86–88.

Hanley, N., and C. L. Spash. 1993. “Cost-benefit analysis and the environment.” Cost-benefit analysis and the environment (97).

Kennish, Michael J. 2021. “Drivers of Change in Estuarine and Coastal Marine Environments: An Overview.” Open Journal of Ecology 11 (03):224–39.

Kim, Jong Ah, Christoffer Aberg, Anna Salvati, and Kenneth A. Dawson. 2012. “Role of cell cycle on the cellular uptake and dilution of nanoparticles in a cell population.” Nature Nanotechnology 7(1):62–68.

Koch, Evamaria W., Edward B. Barbier, Brian R. Silliman, Denise J. Reed, Gerardo M. E. Perillo, Sally D. Hacker, Elise F. Granek, Jurgenne H. Primavera, Nyawira Muthiga, Stephen Polasky, Benjamin S. Halpern, Christopher J. Kennedy, Carrie V. Kappel, and Eric Wolanski. 2009. “Non-linearity in ecosystem services: Temporal and spatial variability in coastal protection.” Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 7(1):29–37.

Kumar, Ritesh. 2018. Economic valuation of wetlands: Overview.

Luc Eyraud, Abdoul Wane, Changchang Zhang, and Benedict Clements. 2011. “Who’s Going Green and Why? Trends and Determinants of Green Investment.” IMF Working Papers 11 (296):1.

McLeod, E., G. L. Chmura, S. Bouillon, R. Salm, M. Björk, C. M. Duarte, C. E. Lovelock, and W. H. Schlesinger. 2011. “A blueprint for blue carbon: Toward an improved understanding of the role of vegetated coastal habitats in sequestering CO2.” Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 9.

Mouton, Théophile L., Jonathan D. Tonkin, Fabrice Stephenson, Piet Verburg et Mathieu Floury. 2020. “Increasing climate-driven taxonomic homogenization but functional differentiation among river macroinvertebrate assemblages.” Global Change Biology 26 (12):6904–15.

Pendleton, Linwood, Daniel C. Donato, Brian C. Murray, Stephen Crooks, W. Aaron Jenkins, Samantha Sifleet, Christopher Craft, James W. Fourqurean, J. Boone Kauffman, Núria Marbà, Patrick Megonigal, Emily Pidgeon, Dorothee Herr, David Gordon, and Alexis Baldera. 2012. “Estimating Global ‘Blue Carbon’ Emissions from Conversion and Degradation of Vegetated Coastal Ecosystems.” PLoS ONE 7(9).

Primavera, J. H. 2006. “Overcoming the impacts of aquaculture on the coastal zone.” Ocean and Coastal Management 49.

Revolution, Industrial. 2009. “Featurea_ safe operating space for humanity Identifying.” 461 (September).

Ruitenbeek, H. Jack. 1992. “The rainforest supply price: a tool for evaluating rainforest conservation expenditures.” Ecological Economics 6(1):57–78.

S. N. A. Syed Zafar, S. N. Hazmin, R. Mat, M. S. Marhamah, and R. Umar. 2018. “Special issue. Special issue.” Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences 4 (1):9–10.

Sathirathai, Suthawan, dan Edward B. Barbier. 2001. “Valuing Mangrove Conservation in.” Contemporary Economic Policy 19 (2):109–22.

Schumacher, Ingmar. 2022. “The Economics of Biodiversity: Building on the Dasgupta Review.” Environmental and Resource Economics 83 (4):909–10.

Spalding, Mark D., dan Maricé Leal. 2021. “The state of the world´s mangroves 2021.” Global Mangrove Alliance 1–79.

Spalding, Mark, dan Cara L. Parrett. 2019. “Global patterns in mangrove recreation and tourism.” Marine Policy 110 (September 2018):103540.

Su, Jie, Daniel A. Friess und Alexandros Gasparatos. 2021. “A meta-analysis of the ecological and economic outcomes of mangrove restoration.” Nature Communications 12 (1).

Turner, R. K., dan G. C. Daily. 2008. “The ecosystem services framework and natural capital conservation.” Environmental and Resource Economics 39 (1):25–35.

Vo, Quoc Tuan, C. Kuenzer, Quang Minh Vo, F. Moder, dan N. Oppelt. 2012. “Review of valuation methods for mangrove ecosystem services.” Ecological Indicators 23:431–46.